镀锌件用什么偶联剂处理

『壹』 热镀锌起白粉是什么原因，应该怎么处理。

在干燥环境条件下服役或保存的热镀锌成品是不会起白粉的，热镀锌产品产生回白粉的原因，答主要是长期在潮湿且通风不畅环境条件下服役或存放的热镀锌工件会产生白粉，俗称“白锈”，这种白粉的主要成分是碱式氯化锌腐蚀产物。国家标准规定：“只要镀层厚度大于规定值，表面允许有白锈（以碱式氯化锌为主的白色或灰色腐蚀产物）存在。这种情况通常不影响镀锌工件的使用，最简单的处理方法是，先将产生白粉的工件用清水冲洗干净，然后用白醋加适量清水对白粉部位进行擦拭即可。仅供参考
中锌热浸镀.申建甫

『贰』 钢板电镀锌后，用热固性粉末涂料喷涂高温固化后附着力为什么很差

镀锌面上直接做涂装（喷漆或喷塑）附着力本来就不好，这是由于锌与有机涂层之间的界面偶联能力太差造成的，因此，镀锌面上做涂装通常都要做前处理（不单是清洗，是要形成有调节功能的前处理层），不过传统做法的打毛、喷砂、磷化都是要牺牲大量的锌，很大程度降低甚至失去了镀锌的意义。我们解决这一问题是在不破坏锌的基础上，解决涂装附着力。如过有兴趣，可联系交流。 028-85483087

『叁』 怎样去除镀锌层

去除镀锌层最常用的方法就是用盐酸酸洗来除去，锌在盐酸中溶解十分迅速。为了节省成本，在电镀厂里，都是用钢铁除锈用剩下来的废酸退锌。用盐酸除去电镀锌层通常只需几十秒时间，除热浸锌或喷锌，因为这两种锌层较厚，除锌时间略为长一些。

当把钢铁工件浸入450℃左右的熔融锌液时，常温下的工件吸收锌液热量，达到200℃以上时，锌和铁的相互作用逐渐明显，锌渗入铁工件表面。

从宏观角度看，上述过程表现为工件浸入锌液，锌液面出现沸腾，当锌铁反应逐渐平衡，锌液面逐渐平静。工件被提出锌液面，工件温度逐渐降低至200℃以下时，锌铁反应停止，热镀锌镀层形成，厚度确定。

(3)镀锌件用什么偶联剂处理扩展阅读：

对于表面光滑的3mm以下薄钢板，工业生产中得到较厚的镀层是困难的，另外，与钢材厚度不相称的锌镀层厚度会影响镀层与基材的结合力以及镀层外观质量。

锌层在大气中的消耗是非常缓慢的，约为钢铁腐蚀速率的1/17至1/18，且是可预估的。其寿命远超过其它任何涂层。

镀层寿命在某一特定的环境下，主要视镀层厚度而定。而镀层厚度又受钢铁厚度而决定，即越厚的钢铁易得较厚的镀层，故同一个钢构中厚的钢铁部位一定也得到较厚的镀层，以保证得到更长的寿命。

『肆』 镀锌管喷漆怎么处理

镀锌件属有色金属，有色金属较黑色全金属附着力差；
市面上常用的醇酸铁红底漆专，环氧铁属红底漆均不宜用于镀锌件，否则很容易脱落。需要特别指出的是：镀锌件上用醇酸类油漆，会发生皂化反应，不仅涂层失效，原有的镀锌层也会受损。

适用于镀锌件的底材（防锈底漆）有环氧锌黄底漆（双组份），环氧酯锌黄底漆。

镀锌件刷漆时的前处理：
1、有条件的，可以对镀锌件磷化处理，或者先薄喷一层磷化底漆。
2、或者对光滑的镀锌件表面扫砂处理。
3、对镀锌工件、镀锌管表面用溶剂（即环氧锌黄底漆稀释剂）擦拭，以去除工件原油的保护层，并且增加洁净度。
4、双组份环氧锌黄底漆：严格按照漆和固化剂的比例调配油漆，并且熟化30分钟后，调制合适的施工粘度，即可喷涂。
单组份环氧酯锌黄底漆：调制合适的施工粘度，以正确的施工方法施工。

『伍』 专业文章翻译：热浸镀锌层涂装前表面处理

Preparing Hot Dip Galvanizing for Painting – It’s not Overly Complicated

热浸镀锌层涂装前表面处理-这并不太复杂

文章来自防腐涂装良心网站KTAuniversity，原文链接  请点这里

Bare galvanizing provides excellent corrosion protection at a pH between 7 and 13, but corrosion of the zinc increases as the pH becomes more acidic (less than 7), or more alkaline (greater than 13).  When galvanizing is exposed to the lower or higher pH ranges, it should be painted.  Paint should also be applied when aesthetics is important, regardless of pH.  Unfortunately, when galvanizing is painted, paint failures can occur (Photo 1), but they are easy to prevent through proper surface preparation.

在 ph 值为7和13的情况下, 仅凭镀锌就可以提供优异的腐蚀保护, 但锌的腐蚀会稿侍随着 ph 值变酸性 (小于 7) 或碱性 (大于 13) 而提高。 当镀锌层暴露在更低或更高的 pH 值范围内时, 应当进行涂装。 当外观比较重要时, 无论 pH 值如何, 也应该涂装。 不幸的是, 对镀锌表面涂装时, 很可能发生涂层失效 (照片 1), 但通过适当的表面处理这很容坦斗易防止。

Photo 1 – Typical failure of paint to galvanizing e to lack of surface preparation.

照片 1-由于缺乏表面处理造成的典型涂层失效。

Surface preparation is the key to assuring successful coating adhesion and performance.  The extent of preparation required depends on the answers to these four questions:

Was the galvanizing passivated?

Is the galvanizing new?

Is the galvanizing partially weathered?

Is the galvanizing aged?

表面处理是保证涂层附着力和性能的关键。所需处理的程度取决于对以下四个问题的回答:

镀锌键信吵层钝化处理了吗？

镀锌层是新的吗？

镀锌层是否部分风化？

镀锌层是否老化？

Passivating Treatments – Passivation is a common practice used at the time of galvanizing to rece the formation of white storage stain.  Unfortunately, passivating treatments applied to galvanizing (especially chromate treatments) can interfere with the adhesion of coatings.  If the galvanized steel is going to be painted, the galvanizer should be notified in advance, so that the passivation step can be eliminated.  Frequently, however, parts have already been galvanized and the user does not know whether a treatment was applied.  When in doubt, the surface should be tested.  A suitable procere is provided in SSPC-SP16, Brush-Off Blast Cleaning of Coated and Uncoated Galvanized Steel, Stainless Steels, and Non-Ferrous Metals.”  Section 4.3.3 of the standard offers the following:

钝化处理  – 钝化是镀锌时常用的一种方法，以减少镀锌件储存时白锈印迹的形成。不幸的是，对镀锌件的钝化处理(特别是铬酸盐处理)会影响涂层的附着力。如果镀锌件要涂装，应提前通知镀锌人员，以便取消钝化步骤。然而，实际情况通常是部件已经镀锌完成但用户不知道是否进行了钝化处理。如有疑问，应对表面进行测试。SSPC - SP16中提供了一个合适的程序，即“涂装和未涂装镀锌件、不锈钢和有色金属表面的扫砂处理标准。” 该标准第4.3.3节规定如下：

If all three areas turn black immediately, there is no passivation on the surface. If the first area does not turn black within 10 seconds and the second and third areas turn black immediately, there is no passivation on the surface with the possible exception of light oil. If the first and second areas do not turn black within 10 seconds and the third area turns immediately, a passivator of some type is present.

If it is present, mechanical cleaning is typically required to remove it, although some of the etching/cleaning solutions discussed below suggest that they will also remove some treatments.  Before using them, it is recommended that the etching cleaner be applied to discrete areas followed by the testing described above to determine if the treatment is removed.  If the project schele permits, weathering of 12 to 18 months prior to painting, should also eliminate any treatment that may have been present.

如果3个区域均立刻变黑，则表面没有钝化处理。如果第1个区域没有在10秒内变黑，而第2和第3区域立即变黑，则表面没有钝化处理，但可能有轻微的油渍存在。如果第1和第2区域没有在10秒内变黑，而第3区域立即变黑，则表面有过钝化处理。

如果检测有过钝化处理，则通常需要机械工具来清理，尽管后面提到的一些蚀刻/清洗液也能去除某些钝化层。如果使用蚀刻清洗液，建议先在小块区域试验，随后进行上述测试，以确定是否去除了钝化层。如果项目进度允许，涂装前风化了12至18个月的构件也应去除可能存在的钝化层。

New and Partially Weathered Galvanizing – If the age of the galvanizing is less than approximately 48 hours, it may be possible to coat it as is, but if it is weathered between a couple days and approximately one year (termed partially weathered), surface preparation will be required.  Two methods that are commonly used to prepare the galvanizing are cleaning/etching with a phosphoric acid/detergent blend and abrasive blast cleaning.

Etching solutions are used to clean, ll, and roughen the surface for proper coating adhesion.  The solution is applied to the surface, typically scrubbed with a synthetic abrasive pad, thoroughly rinsed, and force dried.  Examples of solutions can be found in the Master Painters Institute (MPI) qualified procts list #25, Cleaner, Etching, for Galvanized Metal ( http://www.specifypaint.com/APL/paintinfo_APL_new/MpiNumber.asp?ID=25000 ).

新的和部分风化的镀锌层 –    如果镀锌时间小于约48小时，可以直接涂装，但如果镀锌层经过在几天至约一年之间的风化(称为部分风化)，则需要进行表面处理。通常用于镀锌件的两种表面处理方法是喷砂清理和用磷酸/洗涤剂混合物进行清理/蚀刻。

蚀刻清洗液用于表面清理、表面暗化和粗糙化以获得适当的涂层附着力。将溶液施加到表面上，通常用合成研磨片研磨，彻底冲洗，并烘干干燥。溶液种类可在“Master Painters Institute ( MPI )”认证产品列表#25“镀锌金属的蚀刻清洗液”中找到。( http://www.specifypaint.com/APL/paintinfo_APL_new/MpiNumber.asp?ID=25000 )

Abrasive blast cleaning is performed according to SSPC-SP16.  Excerpts from a few paragraphs of the standard describing the cleaning of bare, uncoated metal (galvanizing) are repeated below.  The sentences that were redacted address the criteria for any paint remaining on the surface, which is not applicable to this article.

喷砂清理根据SSPC - SP16进行。以下是标准中描述清理裸露未涂装金属(已镀锌)的几段摘录。节略的部分是关于表面残留油漆的标准，不适用于本文因此省略。

Paragraph 4.3.1 of the standard requires the removal of wet storage stain by means other than blast cleaning since the “dwell time” required to remove it by blast cleaning can damage the galvanizing.  Other methods are addressed in a non-mandatory Appendix.  Appendix Section A3 indicates that salts from wet storage stain can be removed with a nylon brush and water, or a dilute solution of acetic or citric acid, lime juice, or white vinegar, followed by rinsing with a large amount of water.

Appendix Section A8.1 indicates that to rece the risk of damage, blast cleaning is done with relatively low nozzle pressures (A8.2) and a softer abrasive with a Mohs hardness of 5 or less (A8.1.1.).

Appendix Section A9 recommends that the thickness of the galvanizing be measured before blast cleaning and again after blast cleaning to confirm that it meets the specified thickness.  The thickness requirements may be found in the procurement documents, or as required in ASTM A123, Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Procts, or ASTM A153/153M, Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware.

The Appendix (A9.2) cautions that in the presence of moisture, zinc oxides can form quickly on the surface after preparation, so it should remain dry, and painted as soon as possible.  The same recommendations for a minimum 5°F (3°C) spread between surface temperature and dew point temperature when preparing steel (steel temperature being the higher of the two), also apply to galvanizing.

该标准第4.3.1段要求通过喷砂清理以外的方式清除储存时产生的白锈印迹，因为喷砂清理白锈印迹所需的“停留时间”可能会损坏镀锌层。其他方法在非强制性附录中讨论。附录部分A3指出，储存时产生的白锈印迹可以用尼龙刷和水，或乙酸或柠檬酸、柠檬汁或白醋的稀溶液除去，然后用大量水冲洗。

附录部分A8.1指出，为了降低锌层破坏风险，喷砂清理采用相对较低的喷嘴压力( A8.2 )和莫氏硬度为5或更低的较软磨料( A8.1.1 )。

附录A9建议在喷砂清理前和喷砂清理后测量镀锌层厚度，以确认其符合规定膜厚。厚度要求见采购文件，或ASTM A123《钢铁制品镀锌(热浸镀锌)标准规范》或ASTM A153/153M《钢铁五金件镀锌(热浸镀锌)规范》。

附录( A9.2 )警告称，在潮湿条件下，喷砂清理后会在表面会迅速形成锌氧化物，因此应保持干燥，并尽快涂装。与钢结构表面处理相同，镀锌层表面处理时同样建议表面温度超出露点温度至少5°F ( 3°C )。

Aged Galvanizing – When galvanizing has weathered for 12 to 18 months, the surface will have oxidized and can often be prepared for painting by pressure washing alone.  The key is to remove surface dirt and debris as well as zinc salts and confirm that the surface is ll (photo 2).

镀锌层老化  – 当镀锌层已经风化12至18个月时，表面将被氧化，并且通常只需要高压清洗处理就可以准备涂装。关键是清除表面污物和锌渣以及锌盐，并确认表面暗化(图2 )。

Photo 2 – Exterior surfaces of the galvanizing have weathered and can likely be painted after pressure washing to remove the salts, but note the lack of oxidation and the visible spangle in the in the protected area (red arrow).  A test patch should be applied to determine if the adhesion is adequate without roughening and lling the surface.

图2– 镀锌层的外表面已经风化，可以在高压清洗除去盐分后进行涂装。但请注意保护区(红色箭头)内氧化物不多，有可见亮色的金属锌，应在该区域小范围涂漆测试，以确定未粗糙暗化的表面涂料附着力是否足够。

Depending on the condition of the steel, 3,000 psi with a rotating tip may be adequate, but it’s best to apply a test patch of the coating after cleaning and check the adhesion to make certain.  If there is any doubt regarding the adhesion of the coating, either of the methods described above for partially weathered galvanizing (etching cleaner or SP-16 Brush-Off Blast) should be used.

根据钢材（表面高压冲水）的经验，旋转喷嘴的压力在3000psi（约20MPa）应该足够，但最好在锌层表面高压冲水后小范围涂漆测试，并检查附着力以确保合格。如果对涂层的附着力有任何疑问，则应使用上述部分风化后镀锌层的任一表面处理方法(蚀刻清洗液或SP-16扫砂)。

Conclusion – Most coating failures on galvanizing are the result of poor adhesion of the coating to the galvanizing.  Poor adhesion is typically caused by a lack of roughening of the smooth galvanizing, an abundance of zinc salts beneath the coating film, or the presence of a passivating treatment that inhibits adhesion of the coating. When properly prepared, coatings will adhere well to galvanizing and improve the aesthetics and corrosion protection afforded by the galvanizing.  This article described a few common methods or preparing galvanizing for painting.  Other methods are described in:

ASTM D6386, Standard Practice for Preparation of Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coated Iron and Steel Proct and Hardware Surfaces for Painting

ASTM D7396, Standard Guide for Preparation of New, Continuous Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting

结论 – 镀锌过程中的大多数涂层失效是由于涂层与镀锌层的附着力差造成的。附着力差通常是由于光滑镀锌层的粗糙度不足、涂层下面锌盐的大量存在或抑制涂层粘附的钝化处理而引起的。经过适当的涂装前表面处理，涂层将很好地粘附到镀锌层上，并改善镀锌层的美观性和防腐性。本文介绍了几种常用的涂装前镀锌层表面处理方法。其他方法记录于如下标准:

ASTM D6386, 镀锌(热浸镀锌)钢铁制品和五金件涂装前表面处理的标准操作规程

ASTM D7396, 新的连续镀锌钢材涂装前表面处理的标准指南

原文作者介绍：

Ken Trimber is the President of KTA-Tator, Inc. He is Chairman of the SSPC Surface Preparation Committee and the SSPC Visual Standards Committee, as well as a member of the SSPC Standards Review Committee and ASTM DOl responsible for developing, reviewing and approving standards like the ones described in this article. He can be reached at [email protected]

ken Trimber，KTA-Tator公司的总裁，SSPC表面处理委员会和SSPC目视标准委员会主席，SSPC标准审查委员会和ASTM DOl成员，负责制定、审查和批准类似文中所述的标准。作者邮箱地址  [email protected]

『陆』 户外镀锌钢管油漆易脱落怎么解决，刷什么油漆不易脱落

一、镀锌件属有抄色金属，有色金属较黑袭色全金属附着力差；市面上常用的醇酸铁红底漆，环氧铁红底漆均不宜用于镀锌件，否则很容易脱落。需要特别指出的是：镀锌件上用醇酸类油漆，会发生皂化反应，不仅涂层失效，原有的镀锌层也会受损。适用于镀锌件的底材（防锈底漆）有环氧锌黄底漆（双组份），环氧酯锌黄底漆。
二、刷漆时的前处理：
1、有条件的，可以对镀锌件磷化处理，或者先薄喷一层磷化底漆。
2、或者对光滑的镀锌件表面扫砂处理。
3、对镀锌工件、镀锌管表面用溶剂（即环氧锌黄底漆稀释剂）擦拭，以去除工件原油的保护层，并且增加洁净度。
4、双组份环氧锌黄底漆：严格按照漆和固化剂的比例调配油漆，并且熟化30分钟后，调制合适的施工粘度，即可喷涂。

『柒』 镀锌板怎么喷漆

镀锌板表面涂普通的漆容易脱落，用现在市场上最多的ED1000镀锌板专用油漆为例，

镀锌板油漆工方法如下：

（1）采用配套溶剂擦拭镀锌板表面，去除油污油脂，防止影响附着力，如果有锈蚀打磨干净即可，无需整体喷砂或打磨

（2）涂装ED1000环氧底漆，将油漆与固化剂按照配比混合，加入适量稀释剂，搅拌均匀，喷涂达到要求的膜厚

（3）涂装配套面漆，以PU800丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆为例，将油漆与固化剂按照配比混合，加入适量稀释剂，搅拌均匀，喷涂达到要求的膜厚

（4）检查漆膜厚度是否达标，颜色是否均匀一致，有无漏涂、起泡等问题，发现后及时修补

注意事项：

（1）环境温度在5-40℃，相对空气湿度不大于75%

（2）每道油漆涂装间隔为表干时间，底漆与面漆涂装间隔为24小时为宜

（3）底漆与面漆均采用专用固化剂与稀释剂，不可混用

（4）混合好的漆料在4小时内用完，避免涂料胶化

『捌』 镀锌件生锈后怎么除锈

镀锌件生锈后怎么除锈都没有用，因为锌层被氧化了，除锈后锌层也没有了，所以，唯一的办法，就是重新镀锌。